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Pandemiology Watch (December 3-9, 2025)

Our latest report covers data from December 3-9, 2025. This update provides an overview of communicable diseases, highlighting key trends, emerging outbreaks, and notable developments. 真人线上娱乐 have included direct links to the sources referenced, allowing for deeper insight.
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  • PandemiX Center (Research Centre)
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    By: PandemiX Center

    World Health Organization (WHO) highlighted that clade Ib mpox virus is spreading outside Africa. Since the second mpox Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) ended on September 5, 2025, 43 cases have been confirmed across six WHO regions, with 24 occurring in people who had not recently travelled internationally, suggesting local transmission in Italy, Malaysia, the Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, and the United States. The report notes that men who have sex with men remain the most affected group, accounting for about half of the cases. Sexual contact is the main route of transmission, and many infections show few or no symptoms, which can allow the virus to spread undetected. WHO assesses the risk as moderate for men who have sex with men and low for the general population, emphasizing the need for ongoing surveillance, contact tracing, and access to medical care to manage complications.

    UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) reported the detection of a recombinant mpox virus in England in a person who recently returned from Asia. Genetic analysis revealed that the virus contains elements from both clade Ib and IIb, highlighting the virus’s ongoing potential to evolve. UKHSA emphasized the importance of continued genomic monitoring and has shared its findings with international partners, including the World Health Organization, to support global surveillance efforts.

     

    WHO announced the first confirmed human case of influenza A(H5N5) worldwide, detected in an adult with underlying conditions in Washington State. The case was notified on 15 November and confirmed by sequencing on 20 November. Genomic analysis showed that the virus belongs to the H5 haemagglutinin (HA) clade 2.3.4.4b. WHO underscored the need for continued global surveillance and genomic monitoring to track changes in avian influenza viruses. Based on current information, the overall public health risk from A(H5) viruses remains low, but low to moderate for individuals with occupational exposure to infected animals. 

    CIDRAP reported that measles outbreaks in South Carolina and Colorado are continuing to grow. South Carolina has identified eight new cases, bringing the state’s total to 87, most linked to the ongoing outbreak in the Upstate region. Colorado reported a case in an unvaccinated child in Montezuma County with no known exposure.

    WHO reported that Senegal is facing a Rift Valley fever outbreak that has caused 500 human cases and 31 deaths as of 23 November. The virus has also heavily affected animals, with 425 confirmed cases and more than 2,000 abortions reported in herds. With support from WHO, authorities have strengthened surveillance, deployed rapid-response teams, and vaccinated over 40,000 animals to help control the spread. Most human infections have occurred among people who work closely with cattle, sheep, and goats.

    according to CIDRAP on December 3. WHO is assisting the response with laboratory support, protective equipment and expanded community surveillance.

    Global Polio Eradication Initiative reported new poliovirus detections in several countries. These include one cVDPV2 case in Angola, two cVDPV2 cases in DR Congo, and two cVDPV2-positive environmental samples in Chad. Additional detections this week were reported in Papua New Guinea, with seven cVDPV2-positive environmental samples.